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    Use "employ" em uma frase

    employ frases de exemplo

    employ


    employed


    employing


    employs


    1. Thom had certain limits to the magic he could employ, opening a new back door wasn’t in his allowance


    2. ‘Yes … I was in her employ for some years when I was younger


    3. More mortals have died there than on Earth and they do not employ another substrate and have not drawn the wrath of god


    4. they employ, and there is nothing wrong with that


    5. She gladly agreed to spend the Dawnsleep with him and found that he was a fabulous adventure because of the skill of his hands and the most especially the length of time he was able to employ them before he needed consummation


    6. Inspired, Harry began sketches of the more remarkable foundations and buildings, trying for himself to devise the methods he might employ if he were to construct the imposing structures


    7. I am unused to resorting to such arguments as I was perforce required to employ, yet all was well and from our initial introduction to our parting of ways was but the duration of a good stretch and yawn first exercised upon a chilly winter's morning


    8. As soon as stock has accumulated in the hands of particular persons, some of them will naturally employ it in setting to work industrious people, whom they will supply with materials and subsistence, in order to make a profit by the sale of their work, or by what their labour adds to the value of the materials


    9. He could have no interest to employ them, unless he expected from the sale of their work something more than what was sufficient to replace his stock to him ; and he could have no interest to employ a great stock rather than a small one, unless his profits were to bear some proportion to the extent of his stock


    10. The revenue derived from labour is called wages; that derived from stock, by the person who manages or employs it, is called profit; that derived from it by the person who does not employ it himself, but lends it to another, is called the interest or the use of money

    11. Common farmers seldom employ any overseer to direct the general operations of the farm


    12. If the society were annually to employ all the labour which it can annually purchase, as the quantity of labour would increase greatly every year, so the produce of every succeeding year would be of vastly greater value than that of the foregoing


    13. His maintenance is generally advanced to him from the stock of a master, the farmer who employs him, and who would have no interest to employ him, unless he was to share in the produce of his labour, or unless his stock was to be replaced to him with a profit


    14. A landlord, a farmer, a master manufacturer, or merchant, though they did not employ a single workman, could generally live a year or two upon the stocks, which they have already acquired


    15. The demand for labourers, the funds destined for maintaining them increase, it seems, still faster than they can find labourers to employ


    16. write – and was in the employ the Bishop of Troyes – had


    17. ‘You’re in the employ of the Bishop of Troyes, you


    18. employ of the Bishop of Troyes – a character beyond


    19. But the same cheapness of provisions, by increasing the fund which is destined for the maintenance of servants, encourages masters, farmers especially, to employ a greater number


    20. In a year of sudden and extraordinary plenty, there are funds in the hands of many of the employers of industry, sufficient to maintain and employ a greater number of industrious people than had been employed the year before ; and this extraordinary number cannot always be had

    21. In a thriving town, the people who have great stocks to employ, frequently cannot get the number of workmen they want, and therefore bid against one another, in order to get as many as they can, which raises the wages of labour, and lowers the profits of stock


    22. In the remote parts of the country, there is frequently not stock sufficient to employ all the people, who therefore bid against one another, in order to get employment, which lowers the wages of labour, and raises the profits of stock


    23. chuse rather to employ their capitals in a country where trade is in disgrace, than in one where


    24. considerable exaggeration ), the great sums which they lend to private people, in countries where the rate of interest is higher than in their own, are circumstances which no doubt demonstrate the redundancy of their stock, or that it has increased beyond what they can employ with tolerable profit in the proper business of their own country; but they do not demonstrate that that business has decreased


    25. As the capital of a private man, though acquired by a particular trade, may increase beyond what he can employ in it, and yet that trade continue to increase too, so may likewise the capital of a great nation


    26. employ the whole labour and stock of those who occupy it


    27. merchants who employ them


    28. trades which employ but a small number of hands, run most easily into such combinations


    29. The fact that his prisoner was in the employ of the Bishop


    30. Hence arises a demand for every sort of material which human invention can employ, either usefully or ornamentally, in building, dress, equipage, or household furniture ; for the fossils and minerals contained in the bowels of the earth, the precious metals, and the precious stones

    31. It affords a good rent ; and the landlord sometimes finds that he can scarce employ his best lands more advantageously than in growing barren timber, of which the greatness of the profit often compensates the lateness of the returns


    32. The price of butcher's meat, therefore, and, consequently, of cattle, must gradually rise, till it gets so high, that it becomes as profitable to employ the most fertile and best cultivated lands in raising food for them as in raising corn


    33. The price at last gets so high, that it becomes worth while to employ some of the most fertile and best cultivated lands in feeding cattle merely for the purpose of the dairy ; and when it has got to this height, it cannot well go higher


    34. If you except the neighbourhood of a few considerable towns, it seems not yet to have got to this height anywhere in Scotland, where common farmers seldom employ much good land in raising food


    35. Their quantity, in every particular country, seems to depend upon two different circumstances ; first, upon its power of purchasing, upon the state of its industry, upon the annual produce of its land and labour, in consequence of which it can afford to employ a greater or a smaller quantity of labour and subsistence, in bringing or purchasing such superfluities as gold and silver, either from its own mines, or from those of other countries; and, secondly, upon the fertility or barrenness of the mines which may happen at any particular time to supply the commercial world with those metals


    36. Merchants and master manufacturers are, in this order, the two classes of people who commonly employ the largest capitals, and who by their wealth draw to themselves the greatest share of the public consideration


    37. The person who employs his stock in maintaining labour, necessarily wishes to employ it in such a manner as to produce as great a quantity of work as possible


    38. His abilities, in both these respects, are generally in proportion to the extent of his stock, or to the number of people whom it can employ


    39. No fixed capital can yield any revenue but by means of a circulating capital The most useful machines and instruments of trade will produce nothing, without the circulating capital, which affords the materials they are employed upon, and the maintenance of the workmen who employ them


    40. In all countries where there is a tolerable security, every man of common understanding will endeavour to employ whatever stock he can command, in procuring either present enjoyment or future profit

    41. A man must be perfectly crazy, who, where there is a tolerable security, does not employ all the stock which he commands, whether it be his own, or borrowed of other people, in some one or other of those three ways


    42. When we compute the quantity of industry which the circulating capital of any society can employ, we must always have regard to those parts of it only which consist in provisions, materials, and finished work ; the other, which consists in money, and which serves only to circulate those three, must always be deducted


    43. If there are two merchants, one in London and the other in Edinburgh, who employ equal stocks


    44. Let us suppose that all the paper of a particular bank, which the circulation of the country can easily absorb and employ, amounts exactly to forty thousand pounds, and that, for answering occasional demands, this bank is obliged to keep at all times in its coffers ten thousand pounds in gold and silver


    45. Should this bank attempt to circulate forty-four thousand pounds, the four thousand pounds which are over and above what the circulation can easily absorb and employ, will return upon it almost as fast as they are issued


    46. The Scotch banks, in consequence of an excess of the same kind, were all obliged to employ constantly agents at London to collect money for them, at an expense which was seldom below one and a half or two per cent


    47. Secondly, by this attention they secured themselves from the possibility of issuing more paper money than what the circulation of the country could easily absorb and employ


    48. The advances of the bank paper, by exceeding the quantity of gold and silver which, had there been no such advances, he would have been obliged to keep by him for answering occasional demands, might soon come to exceed the whole quantity of gold and silver which ( the commerce being supposed the same ) would have circulated in the country, had there been no paper money; and, consequently, to exceed the quantity which the circulation of the country could easily absorb and employ ; and the excess of this paper money would immediately have returned upon the bank, in order to be exchanged for gold and silver


    49. Even with this precaution, too, the money which is borrowed, and which it is meant should not be repaid till after a period of several years, ought not to be borrowed of a bank, but ought to be borrowed upon bond or mortgage, of such private people as propose to live upon the interest of their money, without taking the trouble themselves to employ the capital, and who are, upon that account, willing to lend that capital to such people of good credit as are likely to keep it for several years


    50. It is now more than five and twenty years since the paper money issued by the different banking companies of Scotland was fully equal, or rather was somewhat more than fully equal, to what the circulation of the country could easily absorb and employ














































    1. He had a native woman, he employed natives in a manner they were familiar with


    2. According to the information, he was employed at a local school teaching music having graduated two years earlier, though there was a note that he was on intermittent sick leave due to the serious and debilitating form of migraine from which he suffered


    3. He became so good at sitting and watching and waiting that a local farmer who lived like a feudal lord in one of the bigger mountain villages employed him as a geriatric shepherd boy


    4. ‘I was employed by her parents, who were justifiably terrified for the girl


    5. This is Gonzar, she shares his cabin but isn't employed by the ship


    6. That he is no longer in direct control of the levers of power is a shame, but in his time of greatness he employed a whole army of secretaries and assistants, whose sole job it was to document every fact and every detail of every case and policy so that he could remain true to his principles


    7. Safe and sound on the outside and aided by the proceeds from Danny’s own bank account, together with funds received from an unwitting, Canadian ice hockey player, Annie and her great-aunt employed the services of a very expensive legal practice in the heart of Manchester’s business district


    8. deeds and he employed the cleverest scholars to write true accounts


    9. the technology employed by the prince


    10. Given the obvious levels of security employed

    11. ‘I think I’d better gather up this woman and all her clutter and remove her from your offices, Gary, especially as she is no longer employed here


    12. “Yeah, the temple employed the most expert vintners in the Isles in these days,” Yellelle told her


    13. time of greatness he employed a whole army of secretaries and


    14. employed both men at a very competitive salary and asked them to


    15. alleviated when the Emotion Code is employed


    16. employed the services of a very expensive legal practice in the


    17. It wasn't until I overheard her talking to Millie, our daughter, just before her wedding, that I realised the tactics she'd employed all these years


    18. The business was shipping but most of his warehouse space was actually used as residences by the poor he employed


    19. Ozzie concentrated on his meal, staring into space whenever not employed in filling his mouth


    20. dragon was on the ground, they employed weighted ropes and nets to

    21. When he was little, Harry learned quickly the techniques his father employed in fashioning cane rods


    22. To the untrained man, to the casually aggressive, violence is a blunt instrument wielded on a whim and a skin full, but to Alex it is a tool employed with the loving care of a master craftsman


    23. He was employed on account of that peculiarity of his nature; as the substance of his dealings was more in the arena of corporate reconnaissance, rather than 'over the counter' business


    24. 'But I thought you were employed by the Bishop?' he


    25. and dad employed three men that worked for him year-round


    26. All male children exempted according to an approved criteria, or beyond school age up to the age of eighteen years, not currently apprenticed or otherwise gainfully employed, shall henceforward be required to provide bi-annual proof of employment to this Council at the commencement of Autumn school term and at the end of Spring school term


    27. Lawrence Spelman had begun the arduous process of the disposition of properties no longer deemed useful to themselves, or which might be better employed in the use of others


    28. The Flower employed


    29. He intended to build a proper school house for the town in lieu of the poorly renovated burnt out building provisionally employed for the purpose


    30. employed in its construction, as well as some of his more

    31. He employed more interesting building details for the facade and added a bell tower of sorts, nothing ostentatious just well adapted to the balance and symmetry of the structure


    32. Before I left for Hong Kong in 1977 I was employed as an office clerk in a private business firm and by that time the minimum salary was only 300 pesos a month +50 pesos allowance which was really can't cope on the cost-of-living


    33. He had been working as casual labour in the winter of 2013 employed in the vicinity of Coonabarabran sorting grain


    34. Henri had, indeed, employed someone new this year, and


    35. For several days she had to read manuals on the arcane symbologies employed in the source code for memory recall


    36. These I set up to dry within my circle or hedge, and when they were fit for use I carried them to my cave; and here, during the next season, I employed myself in making, as well as I could, a great many baskets… (‘The life and strange surpising adventures of Robinson Crusoe,’ Daniel Defoe – 1719 – Heirs of Anderson, pub


    37. In this state of things, the whole produce of labour belongs to the labourer; and the quantity of labour commonly employed in acquiring or producing any commodity, is the only circumstance which can regulate the quantity of labour which it ought commonly to purchase, command, or exchange


    38. They are regulated altogether by the value of the stock employed, and are greater or smaller in proportion to the extent of this stock


    39. there are two different manufactures, in each of which twenty workmen are employed, at the rate of fifteen pounds a year each, or at the expense of three hundred a-year in each manufactory


    40. The capital annually employed in the one will, in this case, amount only to one thousand pounds; whereas that employed in the other will amount to seven thousand three hundred pounds

    41. Neither is the quantity of labour commonly employed in acquiring or producing any commodity, the only circumstance which can regulate the quantity which it ought commonly to purchase, command or exchange for


    42. In the price of corn, for example, one part pays the rent of the landlord, another pays the wages or maintenance of the labourers and labouring cattle employed in producing it, and the third pays the profit of the farmer


    43. In the price of sea-fish, for example, one part pays the labour of the fisherman, and the other the profits of the capital employed in the fishery


    44. What remains of the crop, after paying the rent, therefore, should not only replace to them their stock employed in cultivation, together with its ordinary profits, but pay them the wages which are due to them, both as labourers and overseers


    45. As in a civilized country there are but few commodities of which the exchangeable value arises from labour only, rent and profit contributing largely to that of the far greater part of them, so the annual produce of its labour will always be sufficient to purchase or command a much greater quantity of labour than what was employed in raising, preparing, and bringing that produce to market


    46. But there is no country in which the whole annual produce is employed in maintaining the industrious


    47. When the price of any commodity is neither more nor less than what is sufficient to pay the rent of the land, the wages of the labour, and the profits of the stock employed in raising, preparing, and bringing it to market, according to their natural rates, the commodity is then sold for what may be called its natural price


    48. The whole quantity of industry annually employed in order to bring any commodity to market, naturally suits itself in this manner to the effectual demand


    49. It sinks, too, the wages of the workmen employed in preparing such commodities, for which all demand is stopped for six months, perhaps for a twelvemonth


    50. The whole quantity brought to market, therefore, may be disposed of to those who are willing to give more than what is sufficient to pay the rent of the land which produced them, together with the wages of the labour and the profits of the stock which were employed in preparing and bringing them to market, according to their natural rates














































    1. It is the easy way out and you will gain nothing from employing it


    2. Rather than employing actors to tell classic tales, to make people laugh, or to inform and to educate, he hit upon the novel idea of making ordinary people the stars of television shows


    3. Rather than employing actors


    4. I mentioned that by happy coincidence 'I knew that angler' and they at once insisted upon meeting you, most likely to get a better look at that rod and reel you were employing


    5. Part of that profit naturally belongs to the borrower, who runs the risk and takes the trouble of employing it, and part to the lender, who affords him the opportunity of making this profit


    6. The funds destined for employing industry are less than they had been the year before


    7. may, in the greater part of trades, be both a sufficient profit upon the risk of this insurance, and a sufficient recompence for the trouble of employing the stock


    8. beauty of the talents, and the discredit of employing them in this manner


    9. strength and dexterity of his hands ; and to hinder him from employing this strength and


    10. working at what he thinks proper, so it hinders the others from employing whom they think

    11. "That's twenty two Sargent," the magistrate was employing both hands in his calculations, "need another two if possible


    12. But it will generally be impossible to supply the great and extended market, without employing a quantity of labour greater than in proportion to what had been requisite for supplying the narrow and confined one


    13. A market which, from requiring only one thousand, comes to require annually ten thousand ton of fish, can seldom be supplied, without employing more than ten times the quantity of labour which had before been sufficient to supply it


    14. On the contrary, the whole expense of this borrowing, of employing agents to look out for people who had money to lend, of negotiating with those people, and of drawing the proper bond or assignment, must have fallen upon them, and have been so much clear loss upon the balance of their accounts


    15. The project of replenishing their coffers in this manner may be compared to that of a man who had a water-pond from which a stream was continually running out, and into which no stream was continually running, but who proposed to keep it always equally full, by employing a number of people to go continually with buckets to a well at some miles distance, in order to bring water to replenish it


    16. have told you; employing all the library that a narrator has in his


    17. A man grows rich by employing a multitude of manufacturers ; he grows poor by maintaining a multitude or menial servants


    18. If he wants it as a capital for employing industry, it is from those goods only that the industrious can be furnished with the tools, materials, and maintenance necessary for carrying on their work


    19. The quantity of stock, therefore, or, as it is commonly expressed, of money, which can be lent at interest in any country, is not regulated by the value of the money, whether paper or coin, which serves as the instrument of the different loans made in that country, but by the value of that part of the annual produce, which, as soon as it comes either from the ground, or from the hands of the productive labourers, is destined, not only for replacing a capital, but such a capital as the owner does not care to be at the trouble of employing himself


    20. The increase of those particular capitals from which the owners wish to derive a revenue, without being at the trouble of employing them themselves, naturally accompanies the general increase of capitals ; or, in other words, as stock increases, the quantity of stock to be lent at interest grows gradually greater and greater

    21. As capitals increase in any country, the profits which can be made by employing them necessarily diminish


    22. It becomes gradually more and more difficult to find within the country a profitable method of employing any new capital


    23. Some of their lands must have been cultivated before any considerable towns could be established, and some sort of coarse industry of the manufacturing kind must have been carried on in those towns, before they could well think of employing themselves in foreign commerce


    24. In France, where five parts out of six of the whole kingdom are said to be still occupied by this species of cultivators, the proprietors complain, that their metayers take every opportunity of employing their master's cattle rather in carriage than in cultivation ; because, in the one case, they get the whole profits to themselves, in the other they share them with their landlord


    25. As it is the interest of the freemen of a corporation to hinder the rest of the inhabitants from employing any workmen but themselves; so it is the interest of the merchants and manufacturers of every country to secure to themselves the monopoly of the home market


    26. Whether the stock which really carried on the business of a corn merchant belonged to the person who was called a farmer, or to the person who was called a corn merchant, an equal profit was in both cases requisite, in order to indemnify its owner for employing it in this manner, in order to put his business on a level with other trades, and in order to hinder him from having an interest to change it as soon as possible for some other


    27. He suggests employing specialist butterfly death squads to go around armed with big nets and long range rifles


    28. The loss of the Portugal trade would, no doubt, have occasioned a considerable embarrassment to the merchants at that time engaged in it, who might not, perhaps, have found out, for a year or two, any other equally advantageous method of employing their capitals; and in this would probably have consisted all the inconveniency which England could have suffered from this notable piece of commercial policy


    29. The increase of revenue which the proprietor, who is always the undertaker, expects from their improvement, constitutes his profit, which, in these circumstances, is commonly very great; but this great profit cannot be made, without employing the labour of other people in clearing and cultivating the land; and the disproportion between the great extent of the land and the small number of the people, which commonly takes place in new colonies, makes it difficult for him to get this labour


    30. To prohibit a great people, however, from making all that they can of every part of their own produce, or from employing their stock and industry in the way that they judge most advantageous to themselves, is a manifest violation of the most sacred rights of mankind

    31. Such statesmen, and such statesmen only, are capable of fancying that they will find some advantage in employing the blood and treasure of their fellow-citizens, to found and maintain such an empire


    32. The expense, therefore, laid out in employing and maintaining artificers and manufacturers, does no more than continue, if one may say so, the existence of its own value, and does not produce any new value


    33. The expense, on the contrary, laid out in employing farmers and country labourers, over and above continuing the existence of its own value, produces a new value the rent of the landlord


    34. They are only the repayment of a part of the expense which must be laid out in employing it


    35. The Turkish mines are wrought by slaves; and the arms of those slaves are the only machines which the Turks have ever thought of employing


    36. ‘If we ignored the Temporal Directive we would not be employing humans


    37. The great change introduced into the art of war by the invention of fire-arms, has enhanced still further both the expense of exercising and disciplining any particular number of soldiers in time of peace, and that of employing them in time of war


    38. Government, it has been said, by taking the management of the turnpikes into its own hands, and by employing the soldiers, who would work for a very small addition to their pay, could keep the roads in good order, at a much less expense than it can be done by trustees, who have no other workmen to employ, but such as derive their whole subsistence from their wages


    39. The clergy could derive advantage from this immense surplus in no other way than by employing it, as the great barons employed the like surplus of their revenues, in the most profuse hospitality, and in the most extensive charity


    40. Can we scientifically prove that the Bible possesses qualities that would confirm that it had its origin from outside our dimensionality of space-time? Is there evidence of supernatural design contained within? Can we prove that no other book exhibits the qualities that are found in the Bible? Should we be able to do this, it naturally follows that an Intelligent Being, who is not limited to our physical constraints, guided its design and construction over approximately 1,600 years, employing about 40 different authors

    41. The sovereign, like, any other owner of stock, may derive a revenue from it, either by employing it himself, or by lending it


    42. It is the compensation, and, in most cases, it is no more than a very moderate compensation for the risk and trouble of employing the stock


    43. Like the rent of land, it is a neat produce, which remains, after completely compensating the whole risk and trouble of employing the stock


    44. conveniency of the planters, to save the expense of employing gold and silver money in their domestic transactions; and it suits the conveniency of the colony governments, to supply them with a medium, which, though attended with some very considerable disadvantages, enables them to save that expense


    45. The redundancy of paper money necessarily banishes gold and silver from the domestic transactions of the colonies, for the same reason that it has banished those metals from the greater part of the domestic transactions in Scotland ; and in both countries, it is not the poverty, but the enterprizing and projecting spirit of the people, their desire of employing all the stock which they can get, as active and productive stock, which has occasioned this redundancy of paper money


    46. In times past, competition with the other networks was fierce to the point of employing the dark art of negative advertising


    47. ) Thus, when asked by one of his closest aids why he kept on employing a man of questionable loyalty, he responded:


    48. The threesome shot down the dark alley, employing the stealthy techniques that Halflings were famous for


    49. The Sheriff found a nearby basin of cool water and, employing his typically subtle methods, dumped the entire bowl over Lickspittle’s head


    50. (Indeed, there were few things more terrifying in Thimble Down than the sight of the Sheriff flippin’ his lid and employing that formidable voice of his














































    1. ‘I wonder what will happen to the garage business … he employs half a dozen people … and then there’s his house


    2. fee, which employs a person who is thrilled to have a job, and a year from


    3. As Ken tries to keep the doctor in his line of fire Helen steps back with all her weight and employs the heel of her boot on his shin


    4. He nods and explains that he works for the company which employs David


    5. He must in most cases share it with the owner of the stock which employs him


    6. The capital which employs the weavers, for example, must be greater than that which employs the spinners; because it not only replaces that capital with its profits, but pays, besides, the wages of the weavers : and the profits must always bear some proportion to the capital


    7. The revenue derived from labour is called wages; that derived from stock, by the person who manages or employs it, is called profit; that derived from it by the person who does not employ it himself, but lends it to another, is called the interest or the use of money


    8. His maintenance is generally advanced to him from the stock of a master, the farmer who employs him, and who would have no interest to employ him, unless he was to share in the produce of his labour, or unless his stock was to be replaced to him with a profit


    9. When the landlord, annuitant, or monied man, has a greater revenue than what he judges sufficient to maintain his own family, he employs either the whole or a part of the surplus in maintaining one or more menial servants


    10. When an independent workman, such as a weaver or shoemaker, has got more stock than what is sufficient to purchase the materials of his own work, and to maintain himself till he can dispose of it, he naturally employs one or more journeymen with the surplus, in order to make a profit by their work

    11. The owner of the stock which employs a great number of labourers necessarily endeavours, for his own advantage, to make such a proper division and distribution of employment, that they may be enabled to produce the greatest quantity of work possible


    12. When a person employs only his own stock in trade, there is no trust; and the credit which he


    13. This brothel is very popular and employs two ex-soldiers


    14. A smaller proportion of it will, therefore, be sufficient to replace, with the ordinary profit, the stock which employs that labour


    15. The person who employs his stock in maintaining labour, necessarily wishes to employ it in such a manner as to produce as great a quantity of work as possible


    16. The quantity of industry, therefore, not only increases in every country with the increase of the stock which employs it, but, in consequence of that increase, the same quantity of industry produces a much greater quantity of work


    17. Still less could a bank afford to advance him any considerable part of his fixed capital ; of the capital which the undertaker of an iron forge, for example, employs in erecting his forge and smelting-houses, his work-houses, and warehouses, the dwelling-houses of his workmen, etc


    18. ; of the capital which the undertaker of a mine employs in sinking his shafts, in erecting engines for drawing out the water, in making roads and waggon-ways, etc


    19. ; of the capital which the person who undertakes to improve land employs in clearing, draining, inclosing, manuring, and ploughing waste and uncultivated fields; in building farmhouses, with all their necessary appendages of stables, granaries, etc


    20. Whatever part of his stock a man employs as a capital, he always expects it to be replaced to him with a profit

    21. He employs it, therefore, in maintaining productive hands only ; and after having served in the function of a capital to him, it constitutes a revenue to them


    22. Whenever he employs any part of it in maintaining unproductive hands of any kind, that part is from that moment withdrawn from his capital, and placed in his stock reserved for immediate consumption


    23. Whatever a person saves from his revenue he adds to his capital, and either employs it himself in maintaining an additional number of productive hands, or enables some other person to do so, by lending it to him for an interest, that is, for a share of the profits


    24. When a man of fortune spends his revenue chiefly in hospitality, he shares the greater part of it with his friends and companions; but when he employs it in purchasing such durable commodities, he often spends the whole upon his own person, and gives nothing to any body without an equivalent


    25. If he uses it as a capital, he employs it in the maintenance of productive labourers, who reproduce the value, with a profit


    26. If a poor workman was obliged to purchase a month's or six months' provisions at a time, a great part of the stock which he employs as a capital in the instruments of his trade, or in the furniture of his shop, and which yields him a revenue, he would be forced to place in that part of his stock which is reserved for immediate consumption, and which yields him no revenue


    27. The retailer himself is the only productive labourer whom it immediately employs


    28. His capital employs, too, the sailors and carriers who transport his goods from one place to another ; and it augments the price of those goods by the value, not only of his profits, but of their wages


    29. But a great part of it is always, either annually, or in a much shorter period, distributed among the different workmen whom he employs


    30. The labourers and labouring cattle, therefore, employed in agriculture, not only occasion, like the workmen in manufactures, the reproduction of a value equal to their own consumption, or to the capital which employs them, together with its owner's profits, but of a much greater value

    31. The capital employed in agriculture, therefore, not only puts into motion a greater quantity of productive labour than any equal capital employed in manufactures; but in proportion, too, to the quantity of productive labour which it employs, it adds a much greater value to the annual produce of the land and labour of the country, to the real wealth and revenue of its inhabitants


    32. The sailors or carriers whom he employs, may still belong indifferently either to his country, or to their country, or to some third country, in the same manner as if he had been a native


    33. The coal trade from Newcastle to London, for example, employs more shipping than all the carrying trade of England, though the ports are at no great distance


    34. The man who employs his capital in land, has it more under his view and command ; and his fortune is much less liable to accidents than that of the trader, who is obliged frequently to commit it, not only to the winds and the waves, but to the more uncertain elements of human folly and injustice, by giving great credits, in distant countries, to men with whose character and situation he can seldom be thoroughly acquainted


    35. When an artificer has acquired a little more stock than is necessary for carrying on his own business in supplying the neighbouring country, he does not, in North America, attempt to establish with it a manufacture for more distant sale, but employs it in the purchase and improvement of uncultivated land


    36. As the expense of purchasing those unnecessary utensils would diminish, instead of increasing, either the quantity or goodness of the family provisions; so the expense of purchasing an unnecessary quantity of gold and silver must, in every country, as necessarily diminish the wealth which feeds, clothes, and lodges, which maintains and employs the people


    37. Secondly, every individual who employs his capital in the support of domestic industry, necessarily endeavours so to direct that industry, that its produce may be of the greatest possible value


    38. The boat-fishery; accordingly, which, before the establishment of the buss-bounty, was very considerable, and is said to have employed a number of seamen, not inferior to what the buss-fishery employs at present, is now gone almost entirely to decay


    39. The man who employs either his labour or his stock in a greater variety of ways than his situation renders necessary, can never hurt his neighbour by underselling him


    40. If he judges wrong in this, and if the price does not rise, he not only loses the whole profit of the stock which he employs in this manner, but a part of the stock itself, by the expense and loss which necessarily attend the storing and keeping of corn

    41. The produce of labour, in this case, pays not only its own wages and the profit of the stock which employs it, but the rent of the land too upon which it is employed


    42. The growing of wool is not the chief purpose for which the sheep farmer employs his industry and stock


    43. This advanced rent may be considered as the interest or profit due to the proprietor, upon the expense or capital which be thus employs in the improvement of his land


    44. Those two sorts of expenses are two capitals which the farmer employs in cultivation; and unless they are regularly restored to him, together with a reasonable profit, he cannot carry on his employment upon a level with other employments; but, from a regard to his own interest, must desert it as soon as possible, and seek some other


    45. Their labour, it is said, replaces only the stock which employs them, together with its ordinary profits


    46. Its profits are only the repayment of the maintenance which its employer advances to himself during the time that he employs it, or till he receives the returns of it


    47. First, this class, it is acknowledged, reproduces annually the value of its own annual consmnption, and continues, at least, the existence of the stock or capital which maintains and employs it


    48. Farmers and country labourers, indeed, over and above the stock which maintains and employs them, reproduce annually a neat produce, a free rent to the landlord


    49. Stock cultivates land ; stock employs labour


    50. capital, it employs thousands













































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