1.
• Horse or cattle farms
2.
Locate horse or cattle farms and, after asking if they spray their animals or the manure, use the manure
3.
Lo and behold, it's like a completely different place -- the farmhouse is completely rebuilt and in excellent condition, there are plenty of cattle and other livestock happily munching on feed in well-fenced pens, and the fields are filled with crops planted in neat rows
4.
A couple of dozen Longhorn cattle graze indolently in a field next to the highway
5.
Fortunately, it is far too hot for the cattle to do more than look at us curiously as we walk across the field
6.
It was set in the middle of extensive well-tended fields and pastures dotted with fat eight-legged cattle
7.
There were no beef cattle on this planet, no grass, no horses, but there were species that filled each of those niches in this environment
8.
There were three main commercial species to choose from as beef cattle, lentosaur, thongga and karga, with many varieties of each
9.
The family eats the fish and the lon from this pool, just enough to keep it in a steady state, as with the cattle of the land
10.
while playing with his imaginary herd of cattle
11.
whisked their goats and cattle to their respective sheds
12.
A group of cattle towns were noted a hundred and fifty miles or so to the northeast
13.
"Your old map shows some cattle towns out this way, is there any chance we're nearing one of them yet?" Alan asked
14.
They figured the place must have been one of the cattle towns on the ancient map, seeing as the main businesses are what they are, but most residents were eating from their plot and helping the others out now and then for some cash
15.
But that was how cattle towns used to look out here in the 51st
16.
They always had goats or cattle, most had fields of wheat or rye and all had well-tended vegetable gardens
17.
They were dotted with outcroppings over which goats scampered and cattle grazed
18.
have proven to be simple, but effective at keeping cattle
19.
Not long after the first electric cattle fence was installed,
20.
rope cattle, which puts a lot of strain on the horse’s
21.
the farm carts, driving the herd of cattle before them
22.
We won’t have the cattle, and there’ll probably be more space
23.
Their first task was to herd the cattle to the stock pens
24.
was the cattle auction
25.
Exactly as Tdeshi packed when she left Sinbara on that cattle boat
26.
the fruit of thy cattle, the increase of
27.
body, and in the fruit of thy cattle,
28.
Then the first group rode out to locate larger groups of cattle
29.
Often it's something caught up in one of those cattle drives, sometimes it's something caged that escaped
30.
The living were the cattle
31.
In the price of corn, for example, one part pays the rent of the landlord, another pays the wages or maintenance of the labourers and labouring cattle employed in producing it, and the third pays the profit of the farmer
32.
A fourth part, it may perhaps be thought is necessary for replacing the stock of the farmer, or for compensating the wear and tear of his labouring cattle, and other instruments of husbandry
33.
So the wise girl retired for the time, but, of course, a good deal of the smell of hot cabbage remained behind, as it will do, and Toad, between his sobs, sniffed and reflected, and gradually began to think new and inspiring thoughts: of chivalry, and poetry, and deeds still to be done; of broad meadows, and cattle browsing in them, raked by sun and wind; of kitchen-gardens, and straight herb-borders, and warm snap-dragon beset by bees; and of the comforting clink of dishes set down on the table at Toad Hall, and the scrape of chair-legs on the floor as everyone pulled himself close up to the table
34.
common as turds in a field of cattle
35.
which is probably the reason that, though the prices of corn and cattle are commonly very
36.
In adjusting the terms of the lease, the landlord endeavours to leave him no greater share of the produce than what is sufficient to keep up the stock from which he furnishes the seed, pays the labour, and purchases and maintains the cattle and other instruments of husbandry, together with the ordinary profits of farming stock in the neighbourhood
37.
The most desert moors in Norway and Scotland produce some sort of pasture for cattle, of which the milk and the increase are always more than sufficient, not only to maintain all the labour necessary for tending them, and to pay the ordinary profit to the farmer or the owner of the herd or flock, but to afford some small rent to the landlord
38.
The same extent of ground not only maintains a greater number of cattle, but as they we brought within a smaller compass, less labour becomes requisite to tend them, and to collect their produce
39.
In its rude beginnings, the unimproved wilds, which then occupy the far greater part of the country, are all abandoned to cattle
40.
A great part of the cultivated lands must be employed in rearing and fattening cattle ; of which the price, therefore, must be sufficient to pay, not only the labour necessary for tending them, but the rent which the landlord, and the profit which the farmer, could have drawn from such land employed in tillage
41.
The cattle bred upon the most uncultivated moors, when brought to the same market, are, in proportion to their weight or goodness, sold at the same price as those which are reared upon the most improved land
42.
The proprietors of those moors profit by it, and raise the rent of their land in proportion to the price of their cattle
43.
It is not more than a century ago, that in many parts of the Highlands of Scotland, butcher's meat was as cheap or cheaper than even bread made of oatmeal The Union opened the market of England to the Highland cattle
44.
This equality, however, between the rent and profit of grass and those of corn ; of the land of which the immediate produce is food for cattle, and of that of which the immediate produce is food for men, must be understood to take place only through the greater part of the improved lands of a great country
45.
It is convenient for the maintenance of the cattle employed in the cultivation of the corn; and its high rent is, in this case, not so properly paid from the value of its own produce, as from that of the corn lands which are cultivated by means of it
46.
It saves the labour of guarding the cattle, which feed better, too, when they are not liable to be disturbed by their keeper or his dog
47.
The use of the artificial grasses, of turnips, carrots, cabbages, and the other expedients which have been fallen upon to make an equal quantity of land feed a greater number of cattle than when in natural grass, should somewhat reduce, it might be expected, the superiority which, in an improved country, the price of butcher's meat naturally has over that of bread
48.
When the greater part of the Highland cattle were consumed on their own hills, the exportation of their hides made the most considerable article of the commerce of that country, and what they were exchanged for afforded some addition to the rent of the Highland estates
49.
The price of wood, again, varies with the state of agriculture, nearly in the same manner, and exactly for the same reason, as the price of cattle
50.
As agriculture advances, the woods are partly cleared by the progress of tillage, and partly go to decay in consequence of the increased number of cattle
51.
Numerous herds of cattle, when allowed to wander through the woods, though they do not destroy the old trees, hinder any young ones from coming up ; so that, in the course of a century or two, the whole forest goes to ruin
52.
in ancient times, almost all rents were paid in kind; in a certain quantity of corn, cattle, poultry, etc
53.
Through the greater part of Scotland this custom still continues with regard to poultry, and in some places with regard to cattle
54.
Corn, it has been said, being a sort of manufacture, was, in those rude ages, much dearer in proportion than the greater part of other commodities; it is meant, I suppose, than the greater part of unmanufactured commodities, such as cattle, poultry, game of all kinds, etc
55.
uncultivated, cattle, poultry, game of all kinds, etc
56.
In every different stage of improvement, besides, the raising of equal quantities of corn in the same soil and climate, will, at an average, require nearly equal quantities of labour; or, what comes to the same thing, the price of nearly equal quantities; the continual increase of the productive powers of labour, in an improved state of cultivation, being more or less counterbalanced by the continual increasing price of cattle, the principal instruments of agriculture
57.
The cattle population had been decimated and there were no cars to fill the atmosphere with carbon monoxide
58.
If you except corn, and such other vegetables as are raised altogether by human industry, that all other sorts of rude produce, cattle, poultry, game of all kinds, the useful fossils and minerals of the earth, etc
59.
When the price of cattle, for example, rises so high, that it is as profitable to cultivate land in order to raise food for them as in order to raise food for man, it cannot well go higher
60.
The price of butcher's meat, therefore, and, consequently, of cattle, must gradually rise, till it gets so high, that it becomes as profitable to employ the most fertile and best cultivated lands in raising food for them as in raising corn
61.
But it must always be late in the progress of improvement before tillage can be so far extended as to raise the price of cattle to this height ; and, till it has got to this height, if the country is advancing at all, their price must be continually rising
62.
There are, perhaps, some parts of Europe in which the price of cattle has not yet got to this height
63.
Had the Scotch cattle been always confined to the market of Scotland, in a country in which the quantity of land, which can be applied to no other purpose but the feeding of cattle, is so great in proportion to what can be applied to other purposes, it is scarce possible, perhaps, that their price could ever have risen so high as to render it profitable to cultivate land for the sake of feeding them
64.
In England, the price of cattle, it has already been observed, seems, in the neighbourhood of London, to have got to this height about the beginning of the last century; but it was much later, probably, before it got through the greater part of the remoter counties, in some of which, perhaps, it may scarce yet have got to it
65.
Of all the different substances, however, which compose this second sort of rude produce, cattle is, perhaps, that of which the price, in the progress of improvement, rises first to this height
66.
Till the price of cattle, indeed, has got to this height, it seems scarce possible that the greater part, even of those lands which are capable of the highest cultivation, can be completely cultivated
67.
In all farms too distant from any town to carry manure from it, that is, in the far greater part of those of every extensive country, the quantity of well cultivated land must be in proportion to the quantity of manure which the farm itself produces ; and this, again, must be in proportion to the stock of cattle which are maintained upon it
68.
The land is manured, either by pasturing the cattle upon it, or by feeding them in the stable, and from thence carrying out their dung to it
69.
But unless the price of the cattle be sufficient to pay both the rent and profit of cultivated land, the farmer cannot afford to pasture them upon it ; and he can still less afford to feed them in the stable
70.
It is with the produce of improved and cultivated land only that cattle can be fed in the stable; because, to collect the scanty and scattered produce of waste and unimproved lands, would require too much labour, and be too expensive
71.
It the price of the cattle, therefore, is not sufficient to pay for the produce of improved and cuitivated land, when they are allowed to pasture it, that price will be still less sufficient to pay for that produce, when it must be collected with a good deal of additional labour, and brought into the stable to them
72.
In these circumstances, therefore, no more cattle can with profit be fed in the stable than what are necessary for tillage
73.
The rest will, the greater part of them, be allowed to lie waste, producing scarce any thing but some miserable pasture, just sufficient to keep alive a few straggling, half-starved cattle; the farm, though much overstocked in proportion to what would be necessary for its complete cultivation, being very frequently overstocked in proportion to its actual produce
74.
But how disadvantageous soever this system may appear, yet, before the Union, the low price of cattle seems to have rendered it almost unavoidable
75.
If, notwithstanding a great rise in the price, it still continues to prevail through a considerable part of the country, it is owing in many places, no doubt, to ignorance and attachment to old customs, but, in most places, to the unavoidable obstructions which the natural course of things opposes to the immediate or speedy establishment of a better system : first, to the poverty of the tenants, to their not having yet had time to acquire a stock of cattle sufficient to cultivate their lands more completely, the same rise of price, which would render it advantageous for them to maintain a greater stock, rendering it more difficult for them to acquire it; and, secondly, to their not having yet had time to put their lands in condition to maintain this greater stock properly, supposing they were capable of acquiring it
76.
Of all the commercial advantages, however, which Scotland has derived from the Union with England, this rise in the price of cattle is, perhaps, the greatest
77.
In all new colonies, the great quantity of waste land, which can for many years be applied to no other purpose but the feeding of cattle, soon renders them extremely abundant ; and in every thing great cheapness is the necessary consequence of great abundance
78.
Though all the cattle of the European colonies in America were originally carried from Europe, they soon multiplied so much there, and became of so little value, that even horses were allowed to run wild in the woods, without any owner thinking it worth while to claim them
79.
It must be a long time after the first establishment of such colonies, before it can become profitable to feed cattle upon the produce of cultivated land
80.
Their cattle are allowed to wander through the woods and other uncultivated grounds, where they are half-starved; having long ago extirpated almost all the annual grasses, by cropping them too early in the spring, before they had time to form their flowers, or to shed their seeds
81.
The poorness of the pasture had, in his opinion, occasioned the degradation of their cattle, which degenerated sensibly from me generation to another
82.
Though it is late, therefore, in the progress of improvement, before cattle can bring such a price as to render it profitable to cultivate land for the sake of feeding them; yet of all the different parts which compose this second sort of rude produce, they are perhaps the first which bring this price ; because, till they bring it, it seems impossible that improvement can be brought near even to that degree of perfection to which it has arrived in many parts of Europe
83.
As cattle are among the first, so perhaps venison is among the last parts of this sort of rude produce which bring this price
84.
But when the demand rises beyond what this quantity can supply, when it becomes necessary to raise food on purpose for feeding and fattening hogs, in the same manner as for feeding and fattening other cattle, the price necessarily rises, and becomes proportionably either higher or lower than that of other butcher's meat, according as the nature of the country, and the state of its agriculture, happen to render the feeding of hogs more or less expensive than that of other cattle
85.
The cattle necessarily kept upon the farm produce more milk than either the rearing of their own young, or the consumption of the farmer's family requires ; and they produce most at one particular season
86.
The same causes which gradually raise the price of butcher's meat, the increase of the demand, and, in consequence of the improvement of the country, the diminution of the quantity which can be fed at little or no expense, raise, in the same manner, that of the produce of the dairy, of which the price naturally connects with that of butcher's meat, or with the expense of feeding cattle
87.
The price at last gets so high, that it becomes worth while to employ some of the most fertile and best cultivated lands in feeding cattle merely for the purpose of the dairy ; and when it has got to this height, it cannot well go higher
88.
for cattle, merely for the purpose of the dairy
89.
The quantity of wool or of raw hides, for example, which any country can afford, is necessarily limited by the number of great and small cattle that are kept in it
90.
If this sometimes happens even in Spain, it happens almost constantly in Chili, at Buenos Ayres, and in many other parts of Spanish America, where the horned cattle are almost constantly killed merely for the sake of the hide and the tallow
91.
This, too, used to happen almost constantly in Hispaniola, while it was infested by the buccaneers, and before the settlement, improvement, and populousness of the French plantations ( which now extend round the coast of almost the whole western half of the island) had given some value to the cattle of the Spaniards, who still continue to possess, not only the eastern part of the coast, but the whole inland mountainous part of the country
92.
In those ancient times, when the cattle were half starved during the greater part of the winter, we cannot suppose that they were of a very large size
93.
In countries where the price of cattle is very low, the calves, which are not intended to be reared in order to keep up the stock, are generally killed very young, as was the case in Scotland twenty or thirty years ago
94.
The hides of common cattle have, but within these few years, been put among the enumerated commodities which the plantations can send nowhere but to the mother country ; neither has the commerce of Ireland been in this case oppressed hitherto, in order to support the manufactures of Great Britain
95.
The price both of the great and small cattle, which are fed on improved and cultivated land, must be sufficient to pay the rent which the landlord, and the profit which the farmer, has reason to expect from improved and cultivated land
96.
It would be quite otherwise, however, in an unimproved and uncultivated country, where the greater part of the lands could be applied to no other purpose but the feeding of cattle, and where the wool and the hide made the principal part of the value of those cattle
97.
The fall in the price of the wool and the hide would not in this case raise the price of the carcase; because the greater part of the lands of the country being applicable to no other purpose but the feeding of cattle, the same number would still continue to be fed
98.
The whole price of cattle would fall, and along with it both the rent and the pro~t of all those lands of which cattle was the principal produce, that is, of the greater part of the lands of the country
99.
It would not only have reduced the actual value of the greater part of the lands in the kingdom, but by reducing the price of the most important species of small cattle, it would have retarded very much its subsequent improvement
